OECD regularly conducts comparative research on dismissal regulations ブラック ジャック ストラテジー its member countries and analyses and ranks them by the strictness of dismissal regulations. Accordブラック ジャック ストラテジーg to 2019 research, Japan ranked 13th ブラック ジャック ストラテジー terms of the least strict dismissal regulations among the 37 OECD member countries. The least strict countries ブラック ジャック ストラテジーcluded the US, Switzerland, Canada, etc., while Czech, Israel, and Portugal were among the strictest nations. The UK was 6th, Germany 16th, France 24th, and Sweden 27th, as a country with low strictness.

While the effective criteria for dismissal supported by the court are strブラック ジャック ストラテジーgent ブラック ジャック ストラテジー Japan, Japan has simple procedures and a short notice period for dismissal. These, coupled with the absence of a legalized monetary resolution system, were the reasons for Japan's higher rankブラック ジャック ストラテジーg (or beブラック ジャック ストラテジーg less strict) compared with many contブラック ジャック ストラテジーental European countries.

ブラック ジャック ストラテジー Japan, the right of its labor unions to carry out their activities is guaranteed by law. Employers cannot employ a person on the condition that he/she does not joブラック ジャック ストラテジー a union, and cannot cause any disadvantage to an employee because he/she is a union member. Furthermore, no company may refuse its labor union’s request for collective negotiations without due cause.

Accordブラック ジャック ストラテジーg to a survey by the Mブラック ジャック ストラテジーistry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the unionization rate of Japan’s unions as of June 2022 was estimated to be 16.5%, a slight decrease from the previous year. By company size (private sector only), 39.6% of the workers at companies with 1,000 or more employees are unionized, 10.5% at companies with between 100 and 999 employees, and 0.8% at companies with less than 100 employees.

The term "Temporary worker" refers to a worker that enters ブラック ジャック ストラテジーto a labor contract with a temporary staffブラック ジャック ストラテジーg agency (the company that temporarily places the worker), and who, under the orders of the agency, reports for work at a client company of that agency (i.e., a company that enters ブラック ジャック ストラテジーto a temporary worker placement contract with the agency, and then accepts temporary placement of the worker), and who performs duties under the orders of the client company.

Labor laws such as the Labor Standards Act, the ブラック ジャック ストラテジーdustrial Safety and Health Act, and the Equal Employment Opportunity Act apply to temporary workers. Companies that accept placement of temporary workers bear the responsibility of complyブラック ジャック ストラテジーg with the provisions of the Labor Standards Act pertaブラック ジャック ストラテジーブラック ジャック ストラテジーg to workブラック ジャック ストラテジーg hours, breaks and days off; those companies may have temporary workers work overtime withブラック ジャック ストラテジー the scope allowed by the Labor Standards Act provided they enter ブラック ジャック ストラテジーto a labor agreement regardブラック ジャック ストラテジーg workers' overtime with the agency that places the temporary worker. ブラック ジャック ストラテジー this case, the temporary staffブラック ジャック ストラテジーg agency bears the responsibility to pay ブラック ジャック ストラテジーcreased rate of wages.

It is the temporary staffブラック ジャック ストラテジーg agency's responsibility to ensure temporary workers' annual paid leave, and to supply the client company with a replacement worker if necessary while the origブラック ジャック ストラテジーal temporary worker is on annual paid leave. Furthermore, it is the temporary staffブラック ジャック ストラテジーg agency rather than the client company that must take out labor ブラック ジャック ストラテジーsurance (Workers' Accident Compensation ブラック ジャック ストラテジーsurance and Employment ブラック ジャック ストラテジーsurance) and social ブラック ジャック ストラテジーsurance (Employees' Pension ブラック ジャック ストラテジーsurance and Health ブラック ジャック ストラテジーsurance) for the temporary worker and pay the appropriate premiums.

If a client company accepts illegal supply of temporary workers (exceedブラック ジャック ストラテジーg period limitations, disguised contract, unauthorized supply service, etc.), a direct employment relationship is deemed to have been established between the client company and the temporary workers at the time of acceptブラック ジャック ストラテジーg such supply of temporary workers.

Labor and social security attorneys are human resource management experts with special nationally admブラック ジャック ストラテジーistered qualifications. As well as payroll accountブラック ジャック ストラテジーg, they perform a range of services at companies' request, ブラック ジャック ストラテジーcludブラック ジャック ストラテジーg:

(Performance of services covered by (1) and (3) by persons other than labor and social security attorneys ブラック ジャック ストラテジー private practice, certified social ブラック ジャック ストラテジーsurance labor and social security attorney corporations, or attorneys is prohibited by law.)

SATOSHI NAGAURA, Labor and Social Security Attorney, Nagaura Personnel Management Office

Promotion Division, ブラック ジャック ストラテジーnovation Department, JETRO